New York City, NY

New York City has the largest tracked police settlement exposure in the PoliceRiskIndex dataset - $825 million across 12,263 records covering fiscal years 2018 through 2023, sourced directly from the NYC Comptroller's public claims database. The city's average daily accrual rate of $452,093 - based on the five-year period from FY2018 through FY2023 - is the highest of any jurisdiction in the national index, and represents a figure more than 100 times larger than Indianapolis's daily rate and nearly 14 times larger than Chicago's.

The New York City Police Department is the largest municipal law enforcement agency in the United States, with approximately 35,000 uniformed officers serving a population of 8.3 million across five boroughs. NYPD is not currently under a federal consent decree, but it has operated under a federal monitor since 2013 as part of the Floyd v. City of New York settlement, which addressed the department's stop-and-frisk practices. The monitor oversight applies specifically to stop-and-frisk reform and does not constitute a comprehensive consent decree covering use-of-force and accountability systems more broadly.

The settlement data in the PoliceRiskIndex NYC dataset covers police action and civil rights claims - the two claim categories most directly associated with officer conduct. The Bronx accounts for the largest share of total exposure by borough ($270.9 million, 32.8%), followed by Brooklyn ($216.5 million, 26.2%) and Manhattan ($121.3 million, 14.7%). The concentration pattern in the NYC dataset differs from the consent decree cities in the national index: the top 13% of officers with CCRB complaints account for 39.7% of total complaint volume, a lower concentration ratio than the consent decree city average of 76.5%. This reflects the scale of the department - with 50,000 officers in the CCRB database, even a distributed pattern produces significant absolute numbers.

The largest individual settlement in the NYC dataset is a $25.4 million civil rights case (Claim 2017PI002492, FY2018). Named officer records sourced from the Legal Aid Society's annual payout analyses identify several high-exposure officers: Officer Ray Medina (Tax ID 876721) was named in a $13 million settlement in FY2022; Officer Albert J. Melino (Tax ID 934307) and Officer Pedro A. Rodriguez (Tax ID 942490) were each named in $12 million civil rights settlements in FY2022. Detective Matthew Regina and Officer Jason Deltoro were named in the $3.675 million Jawaun Fraser wrongful conviction settlement (2023), a case in which a New York State Supreme Court Justice found that narcotics officers had fabricated evidence. Captain Timothy Brovakos (112 PCT) holds the highest substantiated CCRB complaint count in the department - 16 substantiated findings across 36 total complaints - and remains an active member of service.

The Legal Aid Society's analysis of calendar year data, which uses a different accounting methodology than the Comptroller's fiscal year data, documents $548 million in NYPD misconduct lawsuit payouts from 2018 through 2023, with the median payout rising from $10,500 in 2018 to $25,000 in 2023. The rising median indicates that the distribution of settlement amounts is shifting upward over time, not merely being driven by a small number of outlier cases.

For insurance underwriters and municipal risk managers, the NYC dataset represents the most data-rich jurisdiction in the national index. The Comptroller's open data portal provides individual claim-level records updated annually, enabling longitudinal analysis not available in most other jurisdictions. The CCRB officer database, updated in near-real-time, provides a parallel signal of complaint concentration that can be used to model forward-looking exposure. The dataset is classified as Active in the PoliceRiskIndex system, with Comptroller data updated annually and CCRB data updated continuously.